// Copyright (c) 2006-2008 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#ifndef BASE_PICKLE_H_
#define BASE_PICKLE_H_

#include <string>

#include "base/basictypes.h"
#include "base/logging.h"
#include "base/string16.h"

#include "mozilla/BufferList.h"
#include "mozilla/mozalloc.h"
#include "mozilla/TimeStamp.h"
#if !defined(FUZZING) && (!defined(RELEASE_OR_BETA) || defined(DEBUG))
#  define MOZ_PICKLE_SENTINEL_CHECKING
#endif
class Pickle;
class PickleIterator {
 public:
  explicit PickleIterator(const Pickle& pickle);

 private:
  friend class Pickle;

  mozilla::BufferList<InfallibleAllocPolicy>::IterImpl iter_;

  template <typename T>
  void CopyInto(T* dest);
};

// This class provides facilities for basic binary value packing and unpacking.
//
// The Pickle class supports appending primitive values (ints, strings, etc.)
// to a pickle instance.  The Pickle instance grows its internal memory buffer
// dynamically to hold the sequence of primitive values.   The internal memory
// buffer is exposed as the "data" of the Pickle.  This "data" can be passed
// to a Pickle object to initialize it for reading.
//
// When reading from a Pickle object, it is important for the consumer to know
// what value types to read and in what order to read them as the Pickle does
// not keep track of the type of data written to it.
//
// The Pickle's data has a header which contains the size of the Pickle's
// payload.  It can optionally support additional space in the header.  That
// space is controlled by the header_size parameter passed to the Pickle
// constructor.
//
class Pickle {
 public:
  ~Pickle();

  Pickle() = delete;

  // Initialize a Pickle object with the specified header size in bytes, which
  // must be greater-than-or-equal-to sizeof(Pickle::Header).  The header size
  // will be rounded up to ensure that the header size is 32bit-aligned.
  explicit Pickle(uint32_t header_size, size_t segment_capacity = 0);

  Pickle(uint32_t header_size, const char* data, uint32_t length);

  Pickle(const Pickle& other) = delete;

  Pickle(Pickle&& other);

  // Performs a deep copy.
  Pickle& operator=(const Pickle& other) = delete;

  Pickle& operator=(Pickle&& other);

  void CopyFrom(const Pickle& other);

  // Returns the size of the Pickle's data.
  uint32_t size() const { return header_size_ + header_->payload_size; }

  typedef mozilla::BufferList<InfallibleAllocPolicy> BufferList;

  const BufferList& Buffers() const { return buffers_; }

  uint32_t CurrentSize() const { return buffers_.Size(); }

  // Methods for reading the payload of the Pickle.  To read from the start of
  // the Pickle, initialize *iter to NULL.  If successful, these methods return
  // true.  Otherwise, false is returned to indicate that the result could not
  // be extracted.
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadBool(PickleIterator* iter, bool* result) const;
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadInt16(PickleIterator* iter, int16_t* result) const;
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadUInt16(PickleIterator* iter, uint16_t* result) const;
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadShort(PickleIterator* iter, short* result) const;
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadInt(PickleIterator* iter, int* result) const;
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadLong(PickleIterator* iter, long* result) const;
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadULong(PickleIterator* iter,
                               unsigned long* result) const;
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadInt32(PickleIterator* iter, int32_t* result) const;
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadUInt32(PickleIterator* iter, uint32_t* result) const;
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadInt64(PickleIterator* iter, int64_t* result) const;
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadUInt64(PickleIterator* iter, uint64_t* result) const;
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadDouble(PickleIterator* iter, double* result) const;
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadIntPtr(PickleIterator* iter, intptr_t* result) const;
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadUnsignedChar(PickleIterator* iter,
                                      unsigned char* result) const;
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadString(PickleIterator* iter,
                                std::string* result) const;
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadWString(PickleIterator* iter,
                                 std::wstring* result) const;
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadBytesInto(PickleIterator* iter, void* data,
                                   uint32_t length) const;

  // Safer version of ReadInt() checks for the result not being negative.
  // Use it for reading the object sizes.
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadLength(PickleIterator* iter, int* result) const;

  [[nodiscard]] bool IgnoreBytes(PickleIterator* iter, uint32_t length) const;

  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadSentinel(PickleIterator* iter, uint32_t sentinel) const
#ifdef MOZ_PICKLE_SENTINEL_CHECKING
      ;
#else
  {
    return true;
  }
#endif

  template <class T>
  [[nodiscard]] bool ReadScalar(PickleIterator* iter, T* result) const {
    static_assert(std::is_arithmetic_v<T>);
    static_assert(!std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<T>, bool>);

    DCHECK(iter);

    if (!IteratorHasRoomFor(*iter, sizeof(*result)))
      return ReadBytesInto(iter, result, sizeof(*result));

    iter->CopyInto(result);

    UpdateIter(iter, sizeof(*result));
    return true;
  }

  bool IgnoreSentinel(PickleIterator* iter) const
#ifdef MOZ_PICKLE_SENTINEL_CHECKING
      ;
#else
  {
    return true;
  }
#endif

  // NOTE: The message type optional parameter should _only_ be called from
  // generated IPDL code, as it is used to trigger the IPC_READ_LATENCY_MS
  // telemetry probe.
  void EndRead(PickleIterator& iter, uint32_t ipcMessageType = 0) const;

  // Returns true if the given iterator has at least |len| bytes remaining it,
  // across all segments. If there is not that much data available, returns
  // false. Generally used when reading a (len, data) pair from the message,
  // before allocating |len| bytes of space, to ensure that reading |len| bytes
  // will succeed.
  bool HasBytesAvailable(const PickleIterator* iter, uint32_t len) const;

  // Truncate the message at the current point, discarding any data after this
  // point in the message.
  void Truncate(PickleIterator* iter);

  // Methods for adding to the payload of the Pickle.  These values are
  // appended to the end of the Pickle's payload.  When reading values from a
  // Pickle, it is important to read them in the order in which they were added
  // to the Pickle.
  bool WriteBytes(const void* data, uint32_t data_len);

  template <class T>
  bool WriteScalar(const T& value) {
    static_assert(std::is_arithmetic_v<T>);
    static_assert(!std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<T>, bool>);
    return WriteBytes(&value, sizeof(value));
  }

  bool WriteBool(bool value);
  bool WriteInt16(int16_t value);
  bool WriteUInt16(uint16_t value);
  bool WriteInt(int value);
  bool WriteLong(long value);
  bool WriteULong(unsigned long value);
  bool WriteInt32(int32_t value);
  bool WriteUInt32(uint32_t value);
  bool WriteInt64(int64_t value);
  bool WriteUInt64(uint64_t value);
  bool WriteDouble(double value);
  bool WriteIntPtr(intptr_t value);
  bool WriteUnsignedChar(unsigned char value);
  bool WriteString(const std::string& value);
  bool WriteWString(const std::wstring& value);
  bool WriteData(const char* data, uint32_t length);

  // Takes ownership of data
  bool WriteBytesZeroCopy(void* data, uint32_t data_len, uint32_t capacity);

  bool WriteSentinel(uint32_t sentinel)
#ifdef MOZ_PICKLE_SENTINEL_CHECKING
      ;
#else
  {
    return true;
  }
#endif

  int32_t* GetInt32PtrForTest(uint32_t offset);

  void InputBytes(const char* data, uint32_t length);

  // Payload follows after allocation of Header (header size is customizable).
  struct Header {
    uint32_t payload_size;  // Specifies the size of the payload.
  };
  static_assert(std::has_unique_object_representations_v<Header>,
                "Header must not contain padding bytes");

  // Returns the header, cast to a user-specified type T.  The type T must be a
  // subclass of Header and its size must correspond to the header_size passed
  // to the Pickle constructor.
  template <class T>
  T* headerT() {
    DCHECK(sizeof(T) == header_size_);
    return static_cast<T*>(header_);
  }
  template <class T>
  const T* headerT() const {
    DCHECK(sizeof(T) == header_size_);
    return static_cast<const T*>(header_);
  }

  typedef uint32_t memberAlignmentType;

 protected:
  uint32_t payload_size() const { return header_->payload_size; }

  // Resizes the buffer for use when writing the specified amount of data. Call
  // EndWrite with the given length to pad out for the next write.
  void BeginWrite(uint32_t length);

  // Completes the write operation by padding the data with poison bytes. Should
  // be paired with BeginWrite, but it does not necessarily have to be called
  // after the data is written.
  void EndWrite(uint32_t length);

  // Round 'bytes' up to the next multiple of 'alignment'.  'alignment' must be
  // a power of 2.
  template <uint32_t alignment>
  struct ConstantAligner {
    static uint32_t align(int bytes) {
      static_assert((alignment & (alignment - 1)) == 0,
                    "alignment must be a power of two");
      return (bytes + (alignment - 1)) & ~static_cast<uint32_t>(alignment - 1);
    }
  };

  static uint32_t AlignInt(int bytes) {
    return ConstantAligner<sizeof(memberAlignmentType)>::align(bytes);
  }

  static uint32_t AlignCapacity(int bytes) {
    return ConstantAligner<kSegmentAlignment>::align(bytes);
  }

  // Returns true if the given iterator could point to data with the given
  // length. If there is no room for the given data before the end of the
  // payload, returns false.
  bool IteratorHasRoomFor(const PickleIterator& iter, uint32_t len) const;

  // Moves the iterator by the given number of bytes, making sure it is aligned.
  // Pointer (iterator) is NOT aligned, but the change in the pointer
  // is guaranteed to be a multiple of sizeof(memberAlignmentType).
  void UpdateIter(PickleIterator* iter, uint32_t bytes) const;

  // Figure out how big the message starting at range_start is. Returns 0 if
  // there's no enough data to determine (i.e., if [range_start, range_end) does
  // not contain enough of the message header to know the size).
  static uint32_t MessageSize(uint32_t header_size, const char* range_start,
                              const char* range_end);

  // Segments capacities are aligned to 8 bytes to ensure that all reads/writes
  // at 8-byte aligned offsets will be on 8-byte aligned pointers.
  static const uint32_t kSegmentAlignment = 8;

 private:
  friend class PickleIterator;

  BufferList buffers_;
  Header* header_;
  uint32_t header_size_;
};

#endif  // BASE_PICKLE_H_