// Copyright 2019 Google LLC
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

// Ensure incompatibilities with Windows macros (e.g. #define StoreFence) are
// detected. Must come before Highway headers.
#include "hwy/base.h"
#include "hwy/nanobenchmark.h"
#include "hwy/tests/test_util.h"
#if HWY_OS_WIN
#ifndef NOMINMAX
#define NOMINMAX
#endif  // NOMINMAX
#ifndef WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#endif  // WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
#include <windows.h>
#endif  // HWY_OS_WIN

#undef HWY_TARGET_INCLUDE
#define HWY_TARGET_INCLUDE "tests/memory_test.cc"
#include "hwy/cache_control.h"
#include "hwy/foreach_target.h"  // IWYU pragma: keep
#include "hwy/highway.h"
#include "hwy/tests/test_util-inl.h"

HWY_BEFORE_NAMESPACE();
namespace hwy {
namespace HWY_NAMESPACE {
namespace {

struct TestLoadStore {
  template <class T, class D>
  HWY_NOINLINE void operator()(T /*unused*/, D d) {
    const size_t N = Lanes(d);
    const VFromD<D> hi = IotaForSpecial(d, 1 + N);
    const VFromD<D> lo = IotaForSpecial(d, 1);
    auto lanes = AllocateAligned<T>(2 * N);
    auto lanes2 = AllocateAligned<T>(2 * N);
    auto lanes3 = AllocateAligned<T>(N);
    HWY_ASSERT(lanes && lanes2 && lanes3);

    Store(hi, d, &lanes[N]);
    Store(lo, d, &lanes[0]);

    // Aligned load
    const VFromD<D> lo2 = Load(d, &lanes[0]);
    HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, lo2, lo);

    // Aligned store
    Store(lo2, d, &lanes2[0]);
    Store(hi, d, &lanes2[N]);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 2 * N; ++i) {
      HWY_ASSERT_EQ(lanes[i], lanes2[i]);
    }

    // Unaligned load
    const VFromD<D> vu = LoadU(d, &lanes[1]);
    Store(vu, d, lanes3.get());
    for (size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
      HWY_ASSERT_EQ(i + 2, lanes3[i]);
    }

    // Unaligned store
    StoreU(lo2, d, &lanes2[N / 2]);
    size_t i = 0;
    for (; i < N / 2; ++i) {
      HWY_ASSERT_EQ(lanes[i], lanes2[i]);
    }
    for (; i < 3 * N / 2; ++i) {
      HWY_ASSERT_EQ(i - N / 2 + 1, lanes2[i]);
    }
    // Subsequent values remain unchanged.
    for (; i < 2 * N; ++i) {
      HWY_ASSERT_EQ(i + 1, lanes2[i]);
    }
  }
};

HWY_NOINLINE void TestAllLoadStore() {
  ForAllTypesAndSpecial(ForPartialVectors<TestLoadStore>());
}

struct TestSafeCopyN {
  template <class T, class D>
  HWY_NOINLINE void operator()(T /*unused*/, D d) {
    const size_t N = Lanes(d);
    const auto v = Iota(d, 1);
    auto from = AllocateAligned<T>(N + 2);
    auto to = AllocateAligned<T>(N + 2);
    HWY_ASSERT(from && to);
    Store(v, d, from.get());

    // 0: nothing changes
    to[0] = ConvertScalarTo<T>(0);
    SafeCopyN(0, d, from.get(), to.get());
    HWY_ASSERT_EQ(T(), to[0]);

    // 1: only first changes
    to[1] = ConvertScalarTo<T>(0);
    SafeCopyN(1, d, from.get(), to.get());
    HWY_ASSERT_EQ(ConvertScalarTo<T>(1), to[0]);
    HWY_ASSERT_EQ(T(), to[1]);

    // N-1: last does not change
    to[N - 1] = ConvertScalarTo<T>(0);
    SafeCopyN(N - 1, d, from.get(), to.get());
    HWY_ASSERT_EQ(T(), to[N - 1]);
    // Also check preceding lanes
    to[N - 1] = ConvertScalarTo<T>(N);
    HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, to.get(), v);

    // N: all change
    to[N] = ConvertScalarTo<T>(0);
    SafeCopyN(N, d, from.get(), to.get());
    HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, to.get(), v);
    HWY_ASSERT_EQ(T(), to[N]);

    // N+1: subsequent lane does not change if using masked store
    to[N + 1] = ConvertScalarTo<T>(0);
    SafeCopyN(N + 1, d, from.get(), to.get());
    HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, to.get(), v);
#if !HWY_MEM_OPS_MIGHT_FAULT
    HWY_ASSERT_EQ(T(), to[N + 1]);
#endif
  }
};

HWY_NOINLINE void TestAllSafeCopyN() {
  ForAllTypes(ForPartialVectors<TestSafeCopyN>());
}

struct TestLoadDup128 {
  template <class T, class D>
  HWY_NOINLINE void operator()(T /*unused*/, D d) {
    // Scalar does not define LoadDup128.
#if HWY_TARGET != HWY_SCALAR || HWY_IDE
    constexpr size_t N128 = 16 / sizeof(T);
    alignas(16) T lanes[N128];
    for (size_t i = 0; i < N128; ++i) {
      lanes[i] = ConvertScalarTo<T>(1 + i);
    }

    const size_t N = Lanes(d);
    auto expected = AllocateAligned<T>(N);
    HWY_ASSERT(expected);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
      expected[i] = ConvertScalarTo<T>(i % N128 + 1);
    }

    HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, expected.get(), LoadDup128(d, lanes));
#else
    (void)d;
#endif
  }
};

HWY_NOINLINE void TestAllLoadDup128() {
  ForAllTypes(ForGEVectors<128, TestLoadDup128>());
}

struct TestStream {
  template <class T, class D>
  HWY_NOINLINE void operator()(T /*unused*/, D d) {
    const Vec<D> v = Iota(d, 1);
    const size_t affected_bytes =
        (Lanes(d) * sizeof(T) + HWY_STREAM_MULTIPLE - 1) &
        ~size_t(HWY_STREAM_MULTIPLE - 1);
    const size_t affected_lanes = affected_bytes / sizeof(T);
    auto out = AllocateAligned<T>(2 * affected_lanes);
    HWY_ASSERT(out);
    ZeroBytes(out.get(), 2 * affected_lanes * sizeof(T));

    Stream(v, d, out.get());
    FlushStream();
    const Vec<D> actual = Load(d, out.get());
    HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, v, actual);
    // Ensure Stream didn't modify more memory than expected
    for (size_t i = affected_lanes; i < 2 * affected_lanes; ++i) {
      HWY_ASSERT_EQ(ConvertScalarTo<T>(0), out[i]);
    }
  }
};

HWY_NOINLINE void TestAllStream() {
  const ForPartialVectors<TestStream> test;
  // No u8,u16.
  test(uint32_t());
  test(uint64_t());
  // No i8,i16.
  test(int32_t());
  test(int64_t());
  ForFloatTypes(test);
}

// Assumes little-endian byte order!
struct TestScatter {
  template <class T, class D>
  HWY_NOINLINE void operator()(T /*unused*/, D d) {
    using Offset = MakeSigned<T>;
    const Rebind<Offset, D> d_offsets;

    const size_t N = Lanes(d);
    const size_t range = 4 * N;                  // number of items to scatter
    const size_t max_bytes = range * sizeof(T);  // upper bound on offset

    RandomState rng;

    auto values = AllocateAligned<T>(range);
    auto offsets = AllocateAligned<Offset>(N);  // or indices
    // Scatter into these regions, ensure vector results match scalar
    auto expected = AllocateAligned<T>(range);
    auto actual = AllocateAligned<T>(range);
    HWY_ASSERT(values && offsets && expected && actual);

    // Data to be scattered
    uint8_t* bytes = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(values.get());
    for (size_t i = 0; i < max_bytes; ++i) {
      bytes[i] = static_cast<uint8_t>(Random32(&rng) & 0xFF);
    }
    const Vec<D> data = Load(d, values.get());

    for (size_t rep = 0; rep < 100; ++rep) {
      // Byte offsets
      ZeroBytes(expected.get(), range * sizeof(T));
      ZeroBytes(actual.get(), range * sizeof(T));
      for (size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
        // Must be aligned
        offsets[i] = static_cast<Offset>((Random32(&rng) % range) * sizeof(T));
        CopyBytes<sizeof(T)>(
            values.get() + i,
            reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(expected.get()) + offsets[i]);
      }
      const auto voffsets = Load(d_offsets, offsets.get());
      ScatterOffset(data, d, actual.get(), voffsets);
      if (!BytesEqual(expected.get(), actual.get(), max_bytes)) {
        Print(d, "Data", data);
        Print(d_offsets, "Offsets", voffsets);
        HWY_ASSERT(false);
      }

      // Indices
      ZeroBytes(expected.get(), range * sizeof(T));
      ZeroBytes(actual.get(), range * sizeof(T));
      for (size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
        offsets[i] = static_cast<Offset>(Random32(&rng) % range);
        CopyBytes<sizeof(T)>(values.get() + i, &expected[size_t(offsets[i])]);
      }
      const auto vindices = Load(d_offsets, offsets.get());
      ScatterIndex(data, d, actual.get(), vindices);
      if (!BytesEqual(expected.get(), actual.get(), max_bytes)) {
        Print(d, "Data", data);
        Print(d_offsets, "Indices", vindices);
        HWY_ASSERT(false);
      }
    }
  }
};

HWY_NOINLINE void TestAllScatter() {
  ForUIF3264(ForPartialVectors<TestScatter>());
}

struct TestGather {
  template <class T, class D>
  HWY_NOINLINE void operator()(T /*unused*/, D d) {
    using Offset = MakeSigned<T>;

    const size_t N = Lanes(d);
    const size_t range = 4 * N;                  // number of items to gather
    const size_t max_bytes = range * sizeof(T);  // upper bound on offset

    RandomState rng;
    auto values = AllocateAligned<T>(range);
    auto expected = AllocateAligned<T>(N);
    auto offsets = AllocateAligned<Offset>(N);
    auto indices = AllocateAligned<Offset>(N);
    HWY_ASSERT(values && expected && offsets && indices);

    // Data to be gathered from
    uint8_t* bytes = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(values.get());
    for (size_t i = 0; i < max_bytes; ++i) {
      bytes[i] = static_cast<uint8_t>(Random32(&rng) & 0xFF);
    }

    for (size_t rep = 0; rep < 100; ++rep) {
      // Offsets
      for (size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
        // Must be aligned
        offsets[i] = static_cast<Offset>((Random32(&rng) % range) * sizeof(T));
        CopyBytes<sizeof(T)>(bytes + offsets[i], &expected[i]);
      }

      const Rebind<Offset, D> d_offset;
      const T* base = values.get();
      auto actual = GatherOffset(d, base, Load(d_offset, offsets.get()));
      HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, expected.get(), actual);

      // Indices
      for (size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
        indices[i] =
            static_cast<Offset>(Random32(&rng) % (max_bytes / sizeof(T)));
        CopyBytes<sizeof(T)>(base + indices[i], &expected[i]);
      }
      actual = GatherIndex(d, base, Load(d_offset, indices.get()));
      HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, expected.get(), actual);
    }
  }
};

HWY_NOINLINE void TestAllGather() {
  ForUIF3264(ForPartialVectors<TestGather>());
}

HWY_NOINLINE void TestAllCache() {
  LoadFence();
  FlushStream();
  int test = 0;
  Prefetch(&test);
  FlushCacheline(&test);
  Pause();
}

template <int kNo, class T, HWY_IF_NOT_FLOAT_NOR_SPECIAL(T)>
HWY_INLINE T GenerateOtherValue(size_t val) {
  const T conv_val = static_cast<T>(val);
  return (conv_val == static_cast<T>(kNo)) ? static_cast<T>(-17) : conv_val;
}
template <int kNo, class T, HWY_IF_FLOAT3264(T)>
HWY_INLINE T GenerateOtherValue(size_t val) {
  const T flt_val = static_cast<T>(val);
  return (flt_val == static_cast<T>(kNo) ? static_cast<T>(0.5426808228865735)
                                         : flt_val);
}
template <int kNo, class T, HWY_IF_BF16(T)>
HWY_INLINE T GenerateOtherValue(size_t val) {
  return BF16FromF32(GenerateOtherValue<kNo, float>(val));
}
template <int kNo, class T, HWY_IF_F16(T)>
HWY_INLINE T GenerateOtherValue(size_t val) {
  return F16FromF32(GenerateOtherValue<kNo, float>(val));
}

struct TestLoadN {
  template <class T, class D>
  HWY_NOINLINE void operator()(T /*unused*/, D d) {
    const size_t N = Lanes(d);
    constexpr size_t kMaxLanesPerBlock = 16 / sizeof(T);
    const size_t lpb = HWY_MIN(N, kMaxLanesPerBlock);
    HWY_ASSERT(lpb >= 1);
    HWY_ASSERT(N <= (static_cast<size_t>(~size_t(0)) / 4));

    const size_t load_buf_len = (3 * N) + 4;

    auto load_buf = AllocateAligned<T>(load_buf_len);
    auto expected = AllocateAligned<T>(N);
    HWY_ASSERT(load_buf && expected);

    for (size_t i = 0; i < load_buf_len; i++) {
      load_buf[i] = GenerateOtherValue<0, T>(i + 1);
    }

    ZeroBytes(expected.get(), N * sizeof(T));
    // Without Load(), the vector type for special floats might not match.
    HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, Load(d, expected.get()), LoadN(d, load_buf.get(), 0));

    for (size_t i = 0; i <= lpb; i++) {
      CopyBytes(load_buf.get(), expected.get(), i * sizeof(T));
      const VFromD<D> actual_1 = LoadN(d, load_buf.get(), i);
      HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, Load(d, expected.get()), actual_1);

      CopyBytes(load_buf.get() + 3, expected.get(), i * sizeof(T));
      const VFromD<D> actual_2 = LoadN(d, load_buf.get() + 3, i);
      HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, Load(d, expected.get()), actual_2);
    }

    const size_t lplb = HWY_MAX(N / 4, lpb);
    for (size_t i = HWY_MAX(lpb * 2, lplb); i <= N * 2; i += lplb) {
      const size_t max_num_of_lanes_to_load = i + (11 & (lpb - 1));
      const size_t expected_num_of_lanes_loaded =
          HWY_MIN(max_num_of_lanes_to_load, N);

      CopyBytes(load_buf.get(), expected.get(),
                expected_num_of_lanes_loaded * sizeof(T));
      const VFromD<D> actual_1 =
          LoadN(d, load_buf.get(), max_num_of_lanes_to_load);
      HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, Load(d, expected.get()), actual_1);

      CopyBytes(load_buf.get() + 3, expected.get(),
                expected_num_of_lanes_loaded * sizeof(T));
      const VFromD<D> actual_2 =
          LoadN(d, load_buf.get() + 3, max_num_of_lanes_to_load);
      HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, Load(d, expected.get()), actual_2);
    }

    load_buf[0] = GenerateOtherValue<0, T>(0);
    CopyBytes(load_buf.get(), expected.get(), N * sizeof(T));
    HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, Load(d, expected.get()), LoadN(d, load_buf.get(), N));
  }
};

HWY_NOINLINE void TestAllLoadN() {
  ForAllTypesAndSpecial(ForPartialVectors<TestLoadN>());
}

struct TestLoadNOr {
  template <class T, class D>
  HWY_NOINLINE void operator()(T /*unused*/, D d) {
    constexpr int kNo = 2;
    const size_t N = Lanes(d);
    constexpr size_t kMaxLanesPerBlock = 16 / sizeof(T);
    const size_t lpb = HWY_MIN(N, kMaxLanesPerBlock);
    HWY_ASSERT(lpb >= 1);
    HWY_ASSERT(N <= (static_cast<size_t>(~size_t(0)) / 4));

    const size_t load_buf_len = (3 * N) + 4;

    auto load_buf = AllocateAligned<T>(load_buf_len);
    auto expected = AllocateAligned<T>(N);
    HWY_ASSERT(load_buf && expected);

    for (size_t i = 0; i < load_buf_len; i++) {
      load_buf[i] = GenerateOtherValue<kNo, T>(i + 1);
    }
    const Vec<D> no = Set(d, ConvertScalarTo<T>(kNo));

    for (size_t i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
      expected[i] = ConvertScalarTo<T>(kNo);
    }
    // Without Load(), the vector type for special floats might not match.
    HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, Load(d, expected.get()),
                      LoadNOr(no, d, load_buf.get(), 0));

    for (size_t i = 0; i <= lpb; i++) {
      CopyBytes(load_buf.get(), expected.get(), i * sizeof(T));
      const VFromD<D> actual_1 = LoadNOr(no, d, load_buf.get(), i);
      HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, Load(d, expected.get()), actual_1);

      CopyBytes(load_buf.get() + 3, expected.get(), i * sizeof(T));
      const VFromD<D> actual_2 = LoadNOr(no, d, load_buf.get() + 3, i);
      HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, Load(d, expected.get()), actual_2);
    }

    const size_t lplb = HWY_MAX(N / 4, lpb);
    for (size_t i = HWY_MAX(lpb * 2, lplb); i <= N * 2; i += lplb) {
      const size_t max_num_of_lanes_to_load = i + (11 & (lpb - 1));
      const size_t expected_num_of_lanes_loaded =
          HWY_MIN(max_num_of_lanes_to_load, N);

      CopyBytes(load_buf.get(), expected.get(),
                expected_num_of_lanes_loaded * sizeof(T));
      const VFromD<D> actual_1 =
          LoadNOr(no, d, load_buf.get(), max_num_of_lanes_to_load);
      HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, Load(d, expected.get()), actual_1);

      CopyBytes(load_buf.get() + 3, expected.get(),
                expected_num_of_lanes_loaded * sizeof(T));
      const VFromD<D> actual_2 =
          LoadNOr(no, d, load_buf.get() + 3, max_num_of_lanes_to_load);
      HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, Load(d, expected.get()), actual_2);
    }

    load_buf[0] = GenerateOtherValue<kNo, T>(kNo);
    CopyBytes(load_buf.get(), expected.get(), N * sizeof(T));
    HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, Load(d, expected.get()),
                      LoadNOr(no, d, load_buf.get(), N));
  }
};

HWY_NOINLINE void TestAllLoadNOr() {
  ForAllTypesAndSpecial(ForPartialVectors<TestLoadNOr>());
}

class TestStoreN {
 private:
  template <class T, HWY_IF_FLOAT_OR_SPECIAL(T)>
  static HWY_INLINE T NegativeFillValue() {
    return LowestValue<T>();
  }

  template <class T, HWY_IF_NOT_FLOAT_NOR_SPECIAL(T)>
  static HWY_INLINE T NegativeFillValue() {
    return static_cast<T>(-1);
  }

 public:
  template <class T, class D>
  HWY_NOINLINE void operator()(T /*unused*/, D d) {
    const size_t N = Lanes(d);
    constexpr size_t kMaxLanesPerBlock = 16 / sizeof(T);
    const size_t lpb = HWY_MIN(N, kMaxLanesPerBlock);
    HWY_ASSERT(lpb >= 1);

    const size_t full_dvec_N = Lanes(DFromV<Vec<D>>());
    HWY_ASSERT(N <= full_dvec_N);
    HWY_ASSERT(full_dvec_N <= (static_cast<size_t>(~size_t(0)) / 8));

    const size_t buf_offset = HWY_MAX(kMaxLanesPerBlock, full_dvec_N);
    size_t buf_size = buf_offset + 3 * full_dvec_N + 4;
    auto expected = AllocateAligned<T>(buf_size);
    auto actual = AllocateAligned<T>(buf_size);
    HWY_ASSERT(expected && actual);

    const T neg_fill_val = NegativeFillValue<T>();
    for (size_t i = 0; i < buf_size; i++) {
      expected[i] = neg_fill_val;
      actual[i] = neg_fill_val;
    }

    const Vec<D> v_neg_fill_val = Set(d, neg_fill_val);

    for (size_t i = 0; i <= lpb; i++) {
      const Vec<D> v = IotaForSpecial(d, i + 1);
      const Vec<D> v_expected = IfThenElse(FirstN(d, i), v, v_neg_fill_val);

      Store(v_expected, d, expected.get() + buf_offset);
      Store(v_neg_fill_val, d, actual.get() + buf_offset);
      StoreN(v, d, actual.get() + buf_offset, i);

      HWY_ASSERT_ARRAY_EQ(expected.get(), actual.get(), buf_size);

      StoreU(v_expected, d, expected.get() + buf_offset + 3);
      StoreU(v_neg_fill_val, d, actual.get() + buf_offset + 3);
      StoreN(v, d, actual.get() + buf_offset + 3, i);
      HWY_ASSERT_ARRAY_EQ(expected.get(), actual.get(), buf_size);
    }

    const size_t lplb = HWY_MAX(N / 4, lpb);
    for (size_t i = HWY_MAX(lpb * 2, lplb); i <= N * 2; i += lplb) {
      size_t max_lanes_to_store =
          i + (11 & (lpb - 1)) + static_cast<size_t>(hwy::Unpredictable1() - 1);

      const Vec<D> v = IotaForSpecial(d, max_lanes_to_store + 1);
      const Vec<D> v_expected =
          IfThenElse(FirstN(d, max_lanes_to_store), v, v_neg_fill_val);

      Store(v_expected, d, expected.get() + buf_offset);
      Store(v_neg_fill_val, d, actual.get() + buf_offset);
      StoreN(v, d, actual.get() + buf_offset, max_lanes_to_store);

      // Clang arm7 workaround; requires these to be non-const.
      PreventElision(max_lanes_to_store);
      PreventElision(buf_size);

      HWY_ASSERT_ARRAY_EQ(expected.get(), actual.get(), buf_size);

      StoreU(v_expected, d, expected.get() + buf_offset + 3);
      StoreU(v_neg_fill_val, d, actual.get() + buf_offset + 3);
      StoreN(v, d, actual.get() + buf_offset + 3, max_lanes_to_store);
      HWY_ASSERT_ARRAY_EQ(expected.get(), actual.get(), buf_size);
    }
  }
};

HWY_NOINLINE void TestAllStoreN() {
  ForAllTypesAndSpecial(ForPartialVectors<TestStoreN>());
}

template <typename From, typename To, class D>
constexpr bool IsSupportedTruncation() {
  return (sizeof(To) < sizeof(From) && Rebind<To, D>().Pow2() >= -3 &&
          Rebind<To, D>().Pow2() + 4 >= static_cast<int>(CeilLog2(sizeof(To))));
}

struct TestTruncateStore {
  template <typename From, typename To, class D,
            hwy::EnableIf<!IsSupportedTruncation<From, To, D>()>* = nullptr>
  HWY_NOINLINE void testTo(From, To, const D) {
    // do nothing
  }

  template <typename From, typename To, class D,
            hwy::EnableIf<IsSupportedTruncation<From, To, D>()>* = nullptr>
  HWY_NOINLINE void testTo(From, To, const D d) {
    constexpr uint32_t base = 0xFA578D00;
    const Vec<D> src = Iota(d, base & hwy::LimitsMax<From>());
    const Rebind<To, D> dTo;
    const Vec<decltype(dTo)> v_expected =
        Iota(dTo, base & hwy::LimitsMax<To>());
    const size_t NFrom = Lanes(d);
    auto expected = AllocateAligned<To>(NFrom);
    StoreN(v_expected, dTo, expected.get(), NFrom);
    auto actual = AllocateAligned<To>(NFrom);
    TruncateStore(src, d, actual.get());
    HWY_ASSERT_ARRAY_EQ(expected.get(), actual.get(), NFrom);
  }

  template <typename T, class D>
  HWY_NOINLINE void operator()(T from, const D d) {
    testTo<T, uint8_t, D>(from, uint8_t(), d);
    testTo<T, uint16_t, D>(from, uint16_t(), d);
    testTo<T, uint32_t, D>(from, uint32_t(), d);
  }
};

HWY_NOINLINE void TestAllTruncateStore() {
  ForU163264(ForPartialVectors<TestTruncateStore>());
}

struct TestInsertIntoUpper {
  template <typename T, class D, HWY_IF_LANES_GT_D(D, 1)>
  HWY_NOINLINE void operator()(T /*unused*/, D d) {
    const size_t N = Lanes(d);
    const Vec<D> a = Set(d, 1);
    const Vec<D> b = Set(d, 20);

    // Generate a generic vector, then extract the pointer to the first entry
    AlignedFreeUniquePtr<T[]> pa = AllocateAligned<T>(N);
    StoreU(b, d, pa.get());
    T* pointer = pa.get();

    const Vec<D> expected_output_lanes = ConcatLowerLower(d, b, a);

    HWY_ASSERT_VEC_EQ(d, expected_output_lanes, InsertIntoUpper(d, pointer, a));
  }
  template <typename T, class D, HWY_IF_LANES_D(D, 1)>
  HWY_NOINLINE void operator()(T /*unused*/, D d) {
    (void)d;
  }
};

HWY_NOINLINE void TestAllInsertIntoUpper() {
  ForAllTypes(ForShrinkableVectors<TestInsertIntoUpper>());
}

}  // namespace
// NOLINTNEXTLINE(google-readability-namespace-comments)
}  // namespace HWY_NAMESPACE
}  // namespace hwy
HWY_AFTER_NAMESPACE();

#if HWY_ONCE
namespace hwy {
namespace {
HWY_BEFORE_TEST(HwyMemoryTest);
HWY_EXPORT_AND_TEST_P(HwyMemoryTest, TestAllLoadStore);
HWY_EXPORT_AND_TEST_P(HwyMemoryTest, TestAllSafeCopyN);
HWY_EXPORT_AND_TEST_P(HwyMemoryTest, TestAllLoadDup128);
HWY_EXPORT_AND_TEST_P(HwyMemoryTest, TestAllStream);
HWY_EXPORT_AND_TEST_P(HwyMemoryTest, TestAllScatter);
HWY_EXPORT_AND_TEST_P(HwyMemoryTest, TestAllGather);
HWY_EXPORT_AND_TEST_P(HwyMemoryTest, TestAllCache);
HWY_EXPORT_AND_TEST_P(HwyMemoryTest, TestAllLoadN);
HWY_EXPORT_AND_TEST_P(HwyMemoryTest, TestAllLoadNOr);
HWY_EXPORT_AND_TEST_P(HwyMemoryTest, TestAllStoreN);
HWY_EXPORT_AND_TEST_P(HwyMemoryTest, TestAllTruncateStore);
HWY_EXPORT_AND_TEST_P(HwyMemoryTest, TestAllInsertIntoUpper);
HWY_AFTER_TEST();
}  // namespace
}  // namespace hwy
HWY_TEST_MAIN();
#endif  // HWY_ONCE