// Copyright (c) the JPEG XL Project Authors. All rights reserved.
//
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

#ifndef LIB_JXL_AC_STRATEGY_H_
#define LIB_JXL_AC_STRATEGY_H_

#include <jxl/memory_manager.h>

#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <hwy/base.h>  // kMaxVectorSize

#include "lib/jxl/base/compiler_specific.h"
#include "lib/jxl/base/rect.h"
#include "lib/jxl/base/status.h"
#include "lib/jxl/coeff_order_fwd.h"
#include "lib/jxl/frame_dimensions.h"
#include "lib/jxl/image.h"
#include "lib/jxl/image_ops.h"

// Defines the different kinds of transforms, and heuristics to choose between
// them.
// `AcStrategy` represents what transform should be used, and which sub-block of
// that transform we are currently in. Note that DCT4x4 is applied on all four
// 4x4 sub-blocks of an 8x8 block.
// `AcStrategyImage` defines which strategy should be used for each 8x8 block
// of the image. The highest 4 bits represent the strategy to be used, the
// lowest 4 represent the index of the block inside that strategy.

namespace jxl {

// Raw strategy types.
enum class AcStrategyType : uint32_t {
  // Regular block size DCT
  DCT = 0,
  // Encode pixels without transforming
  IDENTITY = 1,
  // Use 2-by-2 DCT
  DCT2X2 = 2,
  // Use 4-by-4 DCT
  DCT4X4 = 3,
  // Use 16-by-16 DCT
  DCT16X16 = 4,
  // Use 32-by-32 DCT
  DCT32X32 = 5,
  // Use 16-by-8 DCT
  DCT16X8 = 6,
  // Use 8-by-16 DCT
  DCT8X16 = 7,
  // Use 32-by-8 DCT
  DCT32X8 = 8,
  // Use 8-by-32 DCT
  DCT8X32 = 9,
  // Use 32-by-16 DCT
  DCT32X16 = 10,
  // Use 16-by-32 DCT
  DCT16X32 = 11,
  // 4x8 and 8x4 DCT
  DCT4X8 = 12,
  DCT8X4 = 13,
  // Corner-DCT.
  AFV0 = 14,
  AFV1 = 15,
  AFV2 = 16,
  AFV3 = 17,
  // Larger DCTs
  DCT64X64 = 18,
  DCT64X32 = 19,
  DCT32X64 = 20,
  // No transforms smaller than 64x64 are allowed below.
  DCT128X128 = 21,
  DCT128X64 = 22,
  DCT64X128 = 23,
  DCT256X256 = 24,
  DCT256X128 = 25,
  DCT128X256 = 26
};

class AcStrategy {
 public:
  // Extremal values for the number of blocks/coefficients of a single strategy.
  static constexpr size_t kMaxCoeffBlocks = 32;
  static constexpr size_t kMaxBlockDim = kBlockDim * kMaxCoeffBlocks;
  // Maximum number of coefficients in a block. Guaranteed to be a multiple of
  // the vector size.
  static constexpr size_t kMaxCoeffArea = kMaxBlockDim * kMaxBlockDim;
  static_assert((kMaxCoeffArea * sizeof(float)) % hwy::kMaxVectorSize == 0,
                "Coefficient area is not a multiple of vector size");

  static constexpr uint8_t kNumValidStrategies =
      static_cast<uint8_t>(AcStrategyType::DCT128X256) + 1;

  static constexpr uint32_t TypeBit(const AcStrategyType type) {
    return 1u << static_cast<uint32_t>(type);
  }

  // Returns true if this block is the first 8x8 block (i.e. top-left) of a
  // possibly multi-block strategy.
  JXL_INLINE bool IsFirstBlock() const { return is_first_; }

  JXL_INLINE bool IsMultiblock() const {
    constexpr uint32_t bits =
        TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT16X16) | TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT32X32) |
        TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT16X8) | TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT8X16) |
        TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT32X8) | TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT8X32) |
        TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT16X32) | TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT32X16) |
        TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT32X64) | TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT64X32) |
        TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT64X64) | TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT64X128) |
        TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT128X64) |
        TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT128X128) |
        TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT128X256) |
        TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT256X128) |
        TypeBit(AcStrategyType::DCT256X256);
    return ((1u << static_cast<uint32_t>(Strategy())) & bits) != 0;
  }

  // Returns the raw strategy value. Should only be used for tokenization.
  JXL_INLINE uint8_t RawStrategy() const {
    return static_cast<uint8_t>(strategy_);
  }

  JXL_INLINE AcStrategyType Strategy() const { return strategy_; }

  // Inverse check
  static JXL_INLINE constexpr bool IsRawStrategyValid(int raw_strategy) {
    return raw_strategy < kNumValidStrategies && raw_strategy >= 0;
  }
  static JXL_INLINE AcStrategy FromRawStrategy(uint8_t raw_strategy) {
    return FromRawStrategy(static_cast<AcStrategyType>(raw_strategy));
  }
  static JXL_INLINE AcStrategy FromRawStrategy(AcStrategyType raw_strategy) {
    JXL_DASSERT(IsRawStrategyValid(static_cast<uint32_t>(raw_strategy)));
    return AcStrategy(raw_strategy, /*is_first=*/true);
  }

  // "Natural order" means the order of increasing of "anisotropic" frequency of
  // continuous version of DCT basis.
  // Round-trip, for any given strategy s:
  //  X = NaturalCoeffOrder(s)[NaturalCoeffOrderLutN(s)[X]]
  //  X = NaturalCoeffOrderLut(s)[NaturalCoeffOrderN(s)[X]]
  void ComputeNaturalCoeffOrder(coeff_order_t* order) const;
  void ComputeNaturalCoeffOrderLut(coeff_order_t* lut) const;

  // Number of 8x8 blocks that this strategy will cover. 0 for non-top-left
  // blocks inside a multi-block transform.
  JXL_INLINE size_t covered_blocks_x() const {
    static constexpr uint8_t kLut[] = {1, 1, 1, 1,  2, 4,  1,  2,  1,
                                       4, 2, 4, 1,  1, 1,  1,  1,  1,
                                       8, 4, 8, 16, 8, 16, 32, 16, 32};
    static_assert(sizeof(kLut) / sizeof(*kLut) == kNumValidStrategies,
                  "Update LUT");
    return kLut[static_cast<size_t>(strategy_)];
  }

  JXL_INLINE size_t covered_blocks_y() const {
    static constexpr uint8_t kLut[] = {1, 1, 1, 1,  2,  4, 2,  1,  4,
                                       1, 4, 2, 1,  1,  1, 1,  1,  1,
                                       8, 8, 4, 16, 16, 8, 32, 32, 16};
    static_assert(sizeof(kLut) / sizeof(*kLut) == kNumValidStrategies,
                  "Update LUT");
    return kLut[static_cast<size_t>(strategy_)];
  }

  JXL_INLINE size_t log2_covered_blocks() const {
    static constexpr uint8_t kLut[] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 4, 1,  1, 2,
                                       2, 3, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0,  0, 0,
                                       6, 5, 5, 8, 7, 7, 10, 9, 9};
    static_assert(sizeof(kLut) / sizeof(*kLut) == kNumValidStrategies,
                  "Update LUT");
    return kLut[static_cast<size_t>(strategy_)];
  }

 private:
  friend class AcStrategyRow;
  JXL_INLINE AcStrategy(AcStrategyType strategy, bool is_first)
      : strategy_(strategy), is_first_(is_first) {
    JXL_DASSERT(IsMultiblock() || is_first == true);
  }

  AcStrategyType strategy_;
  bool is_first_;
};

// Class to use a certain row of the AC strategy.
class AcStrategyRow {
 public:
  explicit AcStrategyRow(const uint8_t* row) : row_(row) {}
  AcStrategy operator[](size_t x) const {
    AcStrategyType strategy = static_cast<AcStrategyType>(row_[x] >> 1);
    bool is_first = static_cast<bool>(row_[x] & 1);
    return AcStrategy(strategy, is_first);
  }

 private:
  const uint8_t* JXL_RESTRICT row_;
};

class AcStrategyImage {
 public:
  AcStrategyImage() = default;
  static StatusOr<AcStrategyImage> Create(JxlMemoryManager* memory_manager,
                                          size_t xsize, size_t ysize);

  AcStrategyImage(AcStrategyImage&&) = default;
  AcStrategyImage& operator=(AcStrategyImage&&) = default;

  void FillDCT8(const Rect& rect) {
    FillPlane<uint8_t>((static_cast<uint8_t>(AcStrategyType::DCT) << 1) | 1,
                       &layers_, rect);
  }
  void FillDCT8() { FillDCT8(Rect(layers_)); }

  void FillInvalid() { FillImage(INVALID, &layers_); }

  Status Set(size_t x, size_t y, AcStrategyType type) {
#if (JXL_IS_DEBUG_BUILD)
    AcStrategy acs = AcStrategy::FromRawStrategy(type);
    JXL_DASSERT(y + acs.covered_blocks_y() <= layers_.ysize());
    JXL_DASSERT(x + acs.covered_blocks_x() <= layers_.xsize());
#endif
    JXL_RETURN_IF_ERROR(SetNoBoundsCheck(x, y, type, /*check=*/false));
    return true;
  }

  Status SetNoBoundsCheck(size_t x, size_t y, AcStrategyType type,
                          bool check = true) {
    AcStrategy acs = AcStrategy::FromRawStrategy(type);
    for (size_t iy = 0; iy < acs.covered_blocks_y(); iy++) {
      for (size_t ix = 0; ix < acs.covered_blocks_x(); ix++) {
        size_t pos = (y + iy) * stride_ + x + ix;
        if (check && row_[pos] != INVALID) {
          return JXL_FAILURE("Invalid AC strategy: block overlap");
        }
        row_[pos] =
            (static_cast<uint8_t>(type) << 1) | ((iy | ix) == 0 ? 1 : 0);
      }
    }
    return true;
  }

  bool IsValid(size_t x, size_t y) { return row_[y * stride_ + x] != INVALID; }

  AcStrategyRow ConstRow(size_t y, size_t x_prefix = 0) const {
    return AcStrategyRow(layers_.ConstRow(y) + x_prefix);
  }

  AcStrategyRow ConstRow(const Rect& rect, size_t y) const {
    return ConstRow(rect.y0() + y, rect.x0());
  }

  size_t PixelsPerRow() const { return layers_.PixelsPerRow(); }

  size_t xsize() const { return layers_.xsize(); }
  size_t ysize() const { return layers_.ysize(); }

  // Count the number of blocks of a given type.
  size_t CountBlocks(AcStrategyType type) const;

  JxlMemoryManager* memory_manager() const { return layers_.memory_manager(); }

 private:
  ImageB layers_;
  uint8_t* JXL_RESTRICT row_;
  size_t stride_;

  // A value that does not represent a valid combined AC strategy
  // value. Used as a sentinel.
  static constexpr uint8_t INVALID = 0xFF;
};

}  // namespace jxl

#endif  // LIB_JXL_AC_STRATEGY_H_